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class="sidebar-link">水为何如此重要</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>2019十一月(November)</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>2019十月(October)</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>2019九月(September)</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/english/2019/2019-September/Origins of Christmas 1.html" class="sidebar-link">圣诞节起源 1</a></li><li><a href="/english/2019/2019-September/Origins of Christmas 2.html" class="active sidebar-link">圣诞节起源 2</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/english/2019/2019-September/Origins of Christmas 2.html#翻译" class="sidebar-link">翻译</a></li><li 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<!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>2018年十月(October)</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="theme-default-content content__default"><h1 id="圣诞节起源-2"><a href="#圣诞节起源-2" class="header-anchor">#</a> 圣诞节起源 2</h1> <h3 id="origins-of-christmas-2"><a href="#origins-of-christmas-2" class="header-anchor">#</a> Origins of Christmas 2</h3> <h2 id="翻译"><a href="#翻译" class="header-anchor">#</a> 翻译</h2> <h4 id="the-winter-solstice-celebrations-of-saturnalia-and-yule-predated-christmas"><a href="#the-winter-solstice-celebrations-of-saturnalia-and-yule-predated-christmas" class="header-anchor">#</a> The Winter Solstice celebrations of Saturnalia and Yule <code>predated</code> Christmas.</h4> <p>冬至的庆祝活动农神节和Yule节早于圣诞节。</p> <h4 id="so-when-did-christmas-actually-become-christmas"><a href="#so-when-did-christmas-actually-become-christmas" class="header-anchor">#</a> So when did Christmas actually become &quot;Christmas&quot;?</h4> <p>那么圣诞节是何时正式成为“圣诞节”的呢？</p> <h4 id="sometime-during-the-fourth-century-the-roman-catholic-church-made-the-decision-to-acknowledge-the-date-of-december-25-as-the-birthday-of-jasus-christ"><a href="#sometime-during-the-fourth-century-the-roman-catholic-church-made-the-decision-to-acknowledge-the-date-of-december-25-as-the-birthday-of-jasus-christ" class="header-anchor">#</a> Sometime during the fourth century, the Roman <code>Catholic</code> Church made the decision to acknowledge the date of December 25 as the birthday of Jasus Christ.</h4> <p>四世纪的某个时候，罗马天主教会决定将12月25日定为耶稣基督的诞辰。</p> <h4 id="the-actual-date-of-jesus-birth-was-unknown-yet-christmas-longed-for-a-day-on-which-they-could-celebrate"><a href="#the-actual-date-of-jesus-birth-was-unknown-yet-christmas-longed-for-a-day-on-which-they-could-celebrate" class="header-anchor">#</a> The actual date of Jesus birth was unknown, yet Christmas longed for a day on which they could celebrate.</h4> <p>耶稣真正的诞生日无从知晓，然而基督徒渴望能有一天来庆祝。</p> <h4 id="the-church-chose-this-late-december-day-because-of-the-already-existing-winter-solstice-celebrations-that-most-cultures-were-accustomed-to-recognizing-during-that-portion-of-the-year"><a href="#the-church-chose-this-late-december-day-because-of-the-already-existing-winter-solstice-celebrations-that-most-cultures-were-accustomed-to-recognizing-during-that-portion-of-the-year" class="header-anchor">#</a> The Church chose this late December day because of the already existing Winter Solstice celebrations, that most cultures were <code>accustomed</code> to recognizing during that portion of the year.</h4> <p>教会选择12月末的这一天，因为已有的冬至庆祝活动，让大多数文化都已经习惯承认一年中的这几天举行庆典。</p> <h4 id="throughout-the-middle-ages-churches-across-europe-began-holding-special-services-known-as-a-mass-on-december-25"><a href="#throughout-the-middle-ages-churches-across-europe-began-holding-special-services-known-as-a-mass-on-december-25" class="header-anchor">#</a> Throughout the Middle Ages, churches across Europe began holding special services known as a Mass on December 25.</h4> <p>整个中世纪，欧洲各地的教堂都在12月25日举行特别的弥撒仪式。</p> <h4 id="these-services-became-known-as-christ-mass-which-eventually-led-to-the-modern-name-of-holiday-christmas"><a href="#these-services-became-known-as-christ-mass-which-eventually-led-to-the-modern-name-of-holiday-christmas" class="header-anchor">#</a> These services became known as Christ Mass, which eventually led to the modern name of holiday &quot;Christmas&quot;.</h4> <p>这些仪式被称为基督弥撒，并最终变成了现代节日“圣诞节”的名字。</p> <h4 id="however-most-of-us-would-not-recognize-a-christmas-celebration-from-the-middle-ages"><a href="#however-most-of-us-would-not-recognize-a-christmas-celebration-from-the-middle-ages" class="header-anchor">#</a> However, most of us would not recognize a Christmas celebration from the Middle Ages.</h4> <p>然而，我们大多数人都不承认中世纪都圣诞节庆祝活动。</p> <h4 id="christmas-was-a-spirited-time-full-of-mischief-and-hijinks"><a href="#christmas-was-a-spirited-time-full-of-mischief-and-hijinks" class="header-anchor">#</a> Christmas was a spirited time full of <code>mischief</code> and <code>hijinks</code>.</h4> <p>圣诞节充满了生机，到处都是恶作剧和狂欢。</p> <h4 id="merry-revelers-would-visit-the-homes-of-the-wealthy-where-they-would-bang-on-their-doors-and-demand-entry"><a href="#merry-revelers-would-visit-the-homes-of-the-wealthy-where-they-would-bang-on-their-doors-and-demand-entry" class="header-anchor">#</a> Merry revelers would visit the homes of the wealthy, where they would bang on their doors and demand entry.</h4> <p>微醉的狂欢者回去拜访富人家，敲他们的门，要求进去。</p> <h4 id="once-inside-they-would-refuse-to-leave-until-they-were-served-the-best-food-and-drink"><a href="#once-inside-they-would-refuse-to-leave-until-they-were-served-the-best-food-and-drink" class="header-anchor">#</a> Once inside, they would refuse to leave until they were served the best food and drink.</h4> <p>一旦进去，他们就不愿再离开，除非好吃好喝的招待他们。</p> <h4 id="if-the-homeowner-refused-the-visitors-were-threatened-to-play-a-trick-or-a-prank"><a href="#if-the-homeowner-refused-the-visitors-were-threatened-to-play-a-trick-or-a-prank" class="header-anchor">#</a> If the homeowner refused, the visitors were <code>threatened</code> to play a trick or a prank.</h4> <p>如果主人拒绝，访客就会威胁说要捉弄他们。</p> <h4 id="believe-it-or-not-in-1652-christmas-was-actually-outlawed-in-england-and-the-new-england-colonies-partially-because-some-thought-it-was-too-wild-amongst-many-other-reasons"><a href="#believe-it-or-not-in-1652-christmas-was-actually-outlawed-in-england-and-the-new-england-colonies-partially-because-some-thought-it-was-too-wild-amongst-many-other-reasons" class="header-anchor">#</a> Believe it or not, in 1652, Christmas was actually outlawed in England and the New England colonies, partially because some thought it was too wild amongst many other reasons.</h4> <p>说来你可能不信，1652年，圣诞节在英格兰和新英格兰殖民地是非法的，部分原因是一些人认为圣诞节太疯狂了。</p> <h4 id="businesses-were-even-forced-to-stay-open-on-christmas-day"><a href="#businesses-were-even-forced-to-stay-open-on-christmas-day" class="header-anchor">#</a> Businesses were even forced to stay open on Christmas day.</h4> <p>商店甚至被迫在圣诞节当天营业。</p> <h4 id="however-people-refused-to-stop-celebrating"><a href="#however-people-refused-to-stop-celebrating" class="header-anchor">#</a> However, people refused to stop celebrating.</h4> <p>然而人们拒绝停止庆祝。</p> <h4 id="they-simply-hid-their-festivities-from-their-authorities"><a href="#they-simply-hid-their-festivities-from-their-authorities" class="header-anchor">#</a> They simply hid their festivities from their authorities.</h4> <p>他们在隐瞒当局的情况下庆祝。</p> <h4 id="in-1656-christmas-was-restored-as-a-legal-holiday"><a href="#in-1656-christmas-was-restored-as-a-legal-holiday" class="header-anchor">#</a> In 1656, Christmas was restored as a legal holiday.</h4> <p>1656年，圣诞节恢复为法定节日。</p> <h4 id="in-the-late-1700s-in-america-christmas-was-viewed-as-an-english-holiday"><a href="#in-the-late-1700s-in-america-christmas-was-viewed-as-an-english-holiday" class="header-anchor">#</a> In the late 1700s, in America, Christmas was viewed as an English holiday.</h4> <p>18世纪末，在美国圣诞节被视为英国的节日。</p> <h4 id="and-since-the-americans-had-just-fought-the-revolutionary-war-against-the-english-they-wanted-no-part-of-such-a-holiday"><a href="#and-since-the-americans-had-just-fought-the-revolutionary-war-against-the-english-they-wanted-no-part-of-such-a-holiday" class="header-anchor">#</a> And since the Americans had just fought the revolutionary war against the English, they wanted no part of such a holiday.</h4> <p>因为美国人刚刚赢得了独立战争，他们不想庆祝这样的节日。</p> <h4 id="therefore-for-many-years-december-25-was-just-another-day-in-america"><a href="#therefore-for-many-years-december-25-was-just-another-day-in-america" class="header-anchor">#</a> Therefore, for many years, December 25 was just another day in America.</h4> <p>因此，多年来，12月25日在美国只是普通的一天。</p> <h4 id="finally-sometimes-around-the-1820s-christmas-began-the-process-of-taking-on-its-modern-shape"><a href="#finally-sometimes-around-the-1820s-christmas-began-the-process-of-taking-on-its-modern-shape" class="header-anchor">#</a> Finally, sometimes around the 1820s, Christmas began the process of taking on its modern shape.</h4> <p>最后，在19世纪20年代，圣诞节开始呈现其现代的形态。</p> <h4 id="as-more-and-more-americans-began-celebrating-the-holiday-traditions-began-to-emerge-and-spread-from-place-to-place"><a href="#as-more-and-more-americans-began-celebrating-the-holiday-traditions-began-to-emerge-and-spread-from-place-to-place" class="header-anchor">#</a> As more and more Americans began celebrating the holiday, traditions began to <code>emerge</code> and spread from place to place.</h4> <p>随着越来越多的美国人开始庆祝这个节日，传统开始兴起并在各地传播。</p> <h4 id="eventually-christmas-would-become-the-holiday-that-we-all-know-and-love"><a href="#eventually-christmas-would-become-the-holiday-that-we-all-know-and-love" class="header-anchor">#</a> Eventually, Christmas would become the holiday that we all know and love.</h4> <p>最终，圣诞节成为了我们熟知且热爱的节日。</p> <h2 id="生词统计"><a href="#生词统计" class="header-anchor">#</a> 生词统计</h2> <table><thead><tr><th>单词</th> <th>音标</th> <th>音标</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td>predate</td> <td>ˌpriːˈdeɪt</td> <td>v. 在日期上早于</td></tr> <tr><td>catholic</td> <td>kæθəlɪk</td> <td>adj. 天主教的、宽宏大量的； n. 天主教徒、罗马天主教</td></tr> <tr><td>accustom</td> <td>əˈkʌstəm</td> <td>v. 使习惯于、使适应</td></tr> <tr><td>mischief</td> <td>ˈmɪstʃɪf</td> <td>n. 恶作剧、伤害、顽皮</td></tr> <tr><td>hijinks</td> <td>ˈhaɪdʒɪŋks</td> <td>n. 狂欢作乐</td></tr> <tr><td>threaten</td> <td>ˈθretn</td> <td>v. 威胁、k恐吓</td></tr> <tr><td>emerge</td> <td>ɪˈmɜːrdʒ</td> <td>v. 浮现、摆脱、暴露</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="原文阅读"><a href="#原文阅读" class="header-anchor">#</a> 原文阅读</h2> <p>The Winter Solstice celebrations of Saturnalia and Yule predated Christmas.</p> <p>So when did Christmas actually become &quot;Christmas&quot;?</p> <p>Sometime during the fourth century, the Roman Catholic Church made the decision to acknowledge the date of December 25 as the birthday of Jesus Christ.</p> <p>The actual date of Jesus birth was unknown, yet Christians longed for a day on which they could celebrate.</p> <p>The Church chose this late December day because of the already existing Winter Solstice celebrations, that most cultures were accustomed to recognizing during that portion of the year.</p> <p>Throughout the Middle Ages, churches across Europe began holding special services known as a Mass on December 25.</p> <p>These services became known as Christ Mass, which eventually led to the modern name of holiday &quot;Christmas&quot;.</p> <p>However, most of us would not recognize a Christmas celebration from the Middle Ages.</p> <p>Christmas was a spirited time full of mischief and hijinks.</p> <p>Merry revelers would visit the homes of the wealthy, where they would bang on their doors and demand entry.</p> <p>Once inside, they would refuse to leave until they were served the best food and drink.</p> <p>If the homeowner refused, the visitors were threatened to play a trick or a prank.</p> <p>Believe it or not, in 1652, Christmas was actually outlawed in England and the New England colonies, partially because some thought it was too wild amongst many other reasons.</p> <p>Businesses were even forced to stay open on Christmas day.</p> <p>However, people refused to stop celebrating.</p> <p>They simply hid their festivities from their authorities.</p> <p>In 1656, Christmas was restored as a legal holiday.</p> <p>In the late 1700s, in America, Christmas was viewed as an English holiday.</p> <p>And since the Americans had just fought the revolutionary war against the English, they wanted no part of such a holiday.</p> <p>Therefore, for many years, December 25 was just another day in America.</p> <p>Finally, sometimes around the 1820s, Christmas began the process of taking on its modern shape.</p> <p>As more and more Americans began celebrating the holiday, traditions began to emerge and spread from place to place.</p> <p>Eventually, Christmas would become the holiday that we all know and love.</p> <div class="position" data-v-60a5bf8a><div class="loading" style="display:;" data-v-60a5bf8a><span data-v-60a5bf8a></span> <span data-v-60a5bf8a></span> <span data-v-60a5bf8a></span> <span data-v-60a5bf8a></span></div> <audio id="audio" controls="controls" controlsList="nodownload" oncontextmenu="return false" preload src="https://rtyxmd.gitee.io/rtyresources2019/2019-September/Origins of Christmas 2.mp3" style="display:none;" data-v-60a5bf8a></audio> <div class="custom-audio" style="display:none;" data-v-60a5bf8a><div class="flex-content" data-v-60a5bf8a><div class="audio-controls" data-v-60a5bf8a><i class="iconfont icon-yinliang1" data-v-60a5bf8a></i></div> <div class="audio-controls" data-v-60a5bf8a><i class="iconfont 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